Tag: Atlantic Council

General License X creates a meaningful easing of sanctions on Iranian oil sales, but significant infrastructure damage, financial system barriers, and uncertain buyer demand mean a full recovery in Iranian crude exports remains far from guaranteed.

The USMCA review presents a critical opportunity to address nontariff barriers — particularly inefficient and misaligned customs processes — that undermine the economic and security gains the agreement is designed to deliver.

Restricting US crude oil or petroleum product exports would not lower domestic gasoline prices and would instead likely raise them by disrupting refinery operations and reducing overall product output.

The EU is assembling a comprehensive new toolkit—including aggressive trade defence instruments, industrial policy, and an overcapacity mechanism—to counter the systemic challenge posed by China’s export-driven industrial model.

The Trump administration can reconstruct much of the IEEPA tariff wall through an expanded Section 301 architecture, potentially generating up to $169–170 billion in annual tariff revenue based on 2025 import levels.

Faced with growing Chinese manufacturing overcapacity and an inadequate trade defense toolkit, the EU is moving toward developing a more assertive, Section 301-style tariff instrument to address state subsidies and structural industrial imbalances.